Quadruple Helix Innovation Systems

See the figures below.

The Quadruple Helix brings in the additional perspective of knowledge society and of knowledge democracy for supporting, promoting and advancing knowledge production (research) and knowledge application (innovation).The Quadruple-Helix-innovation-system understanding emphasizes that sustainable development of and in economy (knowledge economy) requires that there is a co-evolution of knowledge economy and knowledge society with knowledge democracy.

The models of the Quadruple Helix and Quintuple Helix innovation systems are designed to refer to an extended complexity in knowledge production and knowledge application (innovation), thus their analytical architecture is broader conceptualized. The Quadruple Helix adds as a fourth helix the “media-based and culture-based public”, the “civil society” and “arts, artistic research and arts-based innovation”. The Quintuple Helix innovation model is even more comprehensive in its analytical approach, adding the fifth helix (and perspective) of the “natural environments of society”. The Quintuple Helix addresses social ecology and the socio-ecological transition.

Elias G. Carayannis and David F. J. Campbell are the two co-creators and co-inventors of the Quadruple Helix and Quintuple Helix innovation systems.

New Publications

Carayannis, Elias G. / David F. J. Campbell (2014). Developed Democracies versus Emerging Autocracies: Arts, Democracy, and Innovation in Quadruple Helix Innovation Systems. Journal of Innovation and Entrepreneurship 3:12 (http://www.innovation-entrepreneurship.com/content/pdf/s13731-014-0012-2.pdf and http://www.innovation-entrepreneurship.com/content/3/1/12).

Park, Han Woo (2014). Transition from the Triple Helix to N-Tuple Helices? An interview with Elias G. Carayannis and David F. J. Campbell. Scientometrics 99 (1), 203-207 (http://link.springer.com/article/10.1007%2Fs11192-013-1124-3).

References:

Carayannis, Elias G. / David F. J. Campbell (2009). “Mode 3” and “Quadruple Helix”: Toward a 21st Century Fractal Innovation Ecosystem. International Journal of Technology Management 46 (3/4), 201-234 (http://www.inderscience.com/browse/index.php?journalID=27&year=2009&vol=46&issue=3/4 and http://www.inderscience.com/search/index.php?action=record&rec_id=23374&prevQuery=&ps=10&m=or).

Carayannis, Elias G. / David F. J. Campbell (2010). Triple Helix, Quadruple Helix and Quintuple Helix and How Do Knowledge, Innovation and the Environment Relate To Each Other? A Proposed Framework for a Trans-disciplinary Analysis of Sustainable Development and Social Ecology. International Journal of Social Ecology and Sustainable Development 1 (1), 41-69 (http://www.igi-global.com/free-content/41959 and http://www.igi-global.com/article/triple-helix-quadruple-helix-quintuple/41959).

Carayannis, Elias G. / David F. J. Campbell (2012). Mode 3 Knowledge Production in Quadruple Helix Innovation Systems. 21st-Century Democracy, Innovation, and Entrepreneurship for Development. SpringerBriefs in Business. New York, NY: Springer (http://www.springer.com/business+%26+management/book/978-1-4614-2061-3 and http://www.springer.com/cda/content/document/cda_downloaddocument/9781461420613-c1.pdf?SGWID=0-0-45-1263639-p174250662).

Carayannis, Elias G. / Thorsten D. Barth / David F. J. Campbell (2012). The Quintuple Helix Innovation Model: Global Warming as a Challenge and Driver for Innovation. Journal of Innovation and Entrepreneurship 1 (1), 1-12 (http://www.innovation-entrepreneurship.com/content/pdf/2192-5372-1-2.pdf).

The Quadruple and Quintuple Helix innovation systems.

1 First Helix: Academia / universtities
Universities (higher education institutions) of the sciences and of the arts.

2 Second Helix: Industry / business
Also: creativity economy and creative industries.

3 Third Helix: State / government

4 Fourth Helix:
Media-based and culture-based public; civil society; arts, artistic research and arts-based innovation
culture and innovation culture, knowledge of culture and culture of knowledge, values and life styles, multi-culturalism and creativity, media, arts and arts universities, multi-level innovation systems with universities of the sciences and arts.

5 Fifth Helix: Natural environment, natural environments of society and economy social ecology, society-nature interactions, socio-ecological transition.

Triple Helix: University-industry-government relations (helices).
Quadruple Helix, Fourth Helix: "Media-based and culture-based public", "civil society" and "arts, artistic research and arts-based innovation" (helix).
Quintuple Helix, Fifth Helix: Natural environment, natural environments of society and economy (helix).

Authors' own conceptualization based on Etzkowitz and Leydesdorff (2000, p. 112),
Carayannis and Campbell (2009, p. 207; 2012, p. 14; 2013) and Danilda et al. (2009).

Source: Carayannis, Elias G. / David F. J. Campbell (2014). Developed Democracies versus Emerging Autocracies: Arts, Democracy, and Innovation in Quadruple Helix Innovation Systems. Journal of Innovation and Entrepreneurship 3:12
(http://www.innovation-entrepreneurship.com/content/3/1/12 and http://www.innovation-entrepreneurship.com/content/pdf/s13731-014-0012-2.pdf).

The Quintuple Helix (five-helix model) innovation system.

Authors' own conceptualization based on Carayannis and Campbell (2010, p. 62; 2013).

Source: Carayannis, Elias G. / David F. J. Campbell (2014).
Developed Democracies versus Emerging Autocracies:
Arts, Democracy, and Innovation in Quadruple Helix Innovation Systems.
Journal of Innovation and Entrepreneurship 3:12
(http://www.innovation-entrepreneurship.com/content/3/1/12) and http://www.innovation-entrepreneurship.com/content/pdf/s13731-014-0012-2.pdf).

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